Periodontal Disease in Patients with Diabetes 2 Mellitus

Abstract

The aim of this study was to explore the prevalence of periodontal diseases in
patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). 54subjects with T2DM and 32 without T2DM were recruited, all subjects were evaluated by clinical signs and symptoms and radiographs investigations, family history, risk factors (cigarette smoking, stress, drugs), biochemical parameters (FPG, HbA1c, serum cholesterol & triglycerides). Periodontitis is diagnosed by the gingival changes (including colour, contour, texture alterations, the presence of bleeding) and the presence of loss of periodontal attachment. The groups were similar in terms of age, family history of periodontal diseaseas, cigarette smoking. FPG, serum holesterol&triglycerides have significantly higher values in diabetic patients than contol group (194.02 mg/dl vs 92.22 mg/dl, p<0.0001, 234.04 mg/dl vs 216.41 mg/dl, p<0.05, 177.41 mg/dl vs 152.97 mg/dl, p<0.05). We observed a high prevalence of periodontal diseases in diabetic patients compared with subjects without diabetes mellitus (35.18% vs 21.87, p<0.05). Our study demonstrates positive associations between diabetes and gingival diseases and chronic periodontitis. Future rigorous clinical and experimental studies should explore potential causal mechanisms linking diabetes and periodontal disease.