Modernitatea şi fenomenele de dereglare socială

Résumé

This article will be devoted mainly to a reflection of the phenomena of social disorder, alienation and anomie, which inevitably alter the relationships between the individual and society, which become antagonistic relations, especially with modernity. This article will be divided into three parts. First, we will argue that modernization induces insecurity. The (relative) empowerment paradox of social structures is therefore the following: the more sophisticated a society is, the more it (can become) becomes unsafe for its members. Secondly, we will inquire how far alienation and anomie alter the place the individual occupies in the world, in its relation to society. In interpreting these phenomena of social disorder, both Marx and Durkheim criticize the absence of rules, but starting from very different philosophical and moral points of view. Finally, we will analyze the possibilities of eliminating these social disorder phenomena, indicating, at least outlined, the distinction that should be made between the two sets of factors that generate them: differentiation processes that accompany the modernization and processes inherent to the capitalist system.