Electrochemical Modifications of Titanium and Titanium Alloys Surface for Biomedical Applications – a Review

Abstract

The field of biomaterials requires the input of knowledge from very different areas such as biology, medicine and engineering so that the implanted material in a living body to not induce any adverse impacts. The paper focuses its attention mainly on titanium and titanium alloys, even though there are biomaterials manufactured from other metals, ceramics, polymers and composite materials. Both electrodeposition and anodic oxidation surface modification methods are discussed with several examples and a brief description of underlying theory, in order to improve the mechanical, chemical and biological properties of these materials.