Testing of the anchoring installation for seagoing ships

Résumé

The anchoring installation is one of the most important deck systems, ensuring the safe temporary positioning of a ship in roads, coastal areas or inland waters. Although its configuration may differ from one vessel to another, the design and testing procedures are strongly standardised by the rules of classification societies. This paper presents an overview of the construction and operation of ship anchoring systems and describes the main requirements for testing anchor windlasses, chain stoppers, anchors and associated equipment. The methodology includes factory acceptance tests of the windlass, verification of the electrical drive according to IEC 60034-1, on-board commissioning and sea trial procedures. Particular attention is paid to the performance criteria requested by class rules, such as continuous pulling capacity, short-time overload, hoisting speed, braking capacity and structural integrity of the chain stopper. A practical example of testing a multi-purpose anchor-mooring windlass built by a Romanian manufacturer is discussed, highlighting the measurement of torque, temperatures, rotational speeds and brake performance. The paper underlines the role of proper planning, documentation and coordination between shipyard, equipment manufacturer, Owner and Classification Society to achieve a safe and reliable anchoring installation.