Legal Frameworks and Public Service Risks in Albania’s Digital Era

Abstract

The digital transformation of public services in Albania has brought significant improvements in efficiency and accessibility but has also raised critical concerns regarding citizens' fundamental rights. This study examines the Albanian legal framework governing digital public services, focusing on its compliance with international standards on data protection, the right to access services, and equality in participation.

In the Albanian context, key risks include the digital exclusion of vulnerable groups, such as the elderly, ethnic minorities, and persons with disabilities, due to a lack of digital skills and inadequate infrastructure. Additionally, the absence of effective complaint mechanisms and oversight by relevant authorities has limited accountability and transparency in the implementation of digital services.

By analyzing the practical barriers to accessing public services, this study underscores the urgency of adopting a more inclusive digitalization strategy. It advocates for the integration of alternative access points, enhanced digital literacy programs, and stronger legal safeguards to ensure that the transition to digital public services does not undermine fundamental rights, but rather fosters equitable participation for all citizens.